在本节中，我们将创建一些应用程序框架。 我们的脚本将解决界面，但不会实现功能。 目标是展示如何在 wxPython 中完成几个众所周知的 GUI 界面。
File Hunter 是文件管理器的骨架。 它复制了 Unix 系统上的文件管理器 Krusader。 如果我们双击分离器组件，它会将 File Hunter 分成两部分，宽度相同。如果我们调整主窗口的大小，会发生同样的情况。
file_hunter.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
ZetCode wxPython tutorial
This program creates a skeleton
of a file manager UI.
author: Jan Bodnar
website: zetcode.com
last edited: May 2018
"""
import wx
import os
import time
ID_BUTTON=100
ID_EXIT=200
ID_SPLITTER=300
class MyListCtrl(wx.ListCtrl):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.ListCtrl.__init__(self, parent, style=wx.LC_REPORT)
images = ['images/empty.png', 'images/folder.png', 'images/source-py.png',
'images/image.png', 'images/pdf.png', 'images/up16.png']
self.InsertColumn(0, 'Name')
self.InsertColumn(1, 'Ext')
self.InsertColumn(2, 'Size', wx.LIST_FORMAT_RIGHT)
self.InsertColumn(3, 'Modified')
self.SetColumnWidth(0, 220)
self.SetColumnWidth(1, 70)
self.SetColumnWidth(2, 100)
self.SetColumnWidth(3, 420)
self.il = wx.ImageList(16, 16)
for i in images:
self.il.Add(wx.Bitmap(i))
self.SetImageList(self.il, wx.IMAGE_LIST_SMALL)
j = 1
self.InsertItem(0, '..')
self.SetItemImage(0, 5)
files = os.listdir('.')
for i in files:
(name, ext) = os.path.splitext(i)
ex = ext[1:]
size = os.path.getsize(i)
sec = os.path.getmtime(i)
self.InsertItem(j, name)
self.SetItem(j, 1, ex)
self.SetItem(j, 2, str(size) + ' B')
self.SetItem(j, 3, time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M', time.localtime(sec)))
if os.path.isdir(i):
self.SetItemImage(j, 1)
elif ex == 'py':
self.SetItemImage(j, 2)
elif ex == 'jpg':
self.SetItemImage(j, 3)
elif ex == 'pdf':
self.SetItemImage(j, 4)
else:
self.SetItemImage(j, 0)
if (j % 2) == 0:
self.SetItemBackgroundColour(j, '#e6f1f5')
j = j + 1
class Example(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
super(Example, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
self.splitter = wx.SplitterWindow(self, ID_SPLITTER, style=wx.SP_BORDER)
self.splitter.SetMinimumPaneSize(50)
p1 = MyListCtrl(self.splitter)
p2 = MyListCtrl(self.splitter)
self.splitter.SplitVertically(p1, p2)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_SIZE, self.OnSize)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_SPLITTER_DCLICK, self.OnDoubleClick, id=ID_SPLITTER)
filemenu= wx.Menu()
filemenu.Append(ID_EXIT, "E&xit"," Terminate the program")
editmenu = wx.Menu()
netmenu = wx.Menu()
showmenu = wx.Menu()
configmenu = wx.Menu()
helpmenu = wx.Menu()
menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
menuBar.Append(filemenu, "&File")
menuBar.Append(editmenu, "&Edit")
menuBar.Append(netmenu, "&Net")
menuBar.Append(showmenu, "&Show")
menuBar.Append(configmenu, "&Config")
menuBar.Append(helpmenu, "&Help")
self.SetMenuBar(menuBar)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnExit, id=ID_EXIT)
tb = self.CreateToolBar( wx.TB_HORIZONTAL | wx.NO_BORDER |
wx.TB_FLAT)
tb.AddTool(10, 'Previous', wx.Bitmap('images/previous.png'), shortHelp='Previous')
tb.AddTool(20, 'Up', wx.Bitmap('images/up.png'), shortHelp='Up one directory')
tb.AddTool(30, 'Home', wx.Bitmap('images/home.png'), shortHelp='Home')
tb.AddTool(40, 'Refresh', wx.Bitmap('images/refresh.png'), shortHelp='Refresh')
tb.AddSeparator()
tb.AddTool(50, 'Edit text', wx.Bitmap('images/textedit.png'), shortHelp='Edit text')
tb.AddTool(60, 'Terminal', wx.Bitmap('images/terminal.png'), shortHelp='Terminal')
tb.AddSeparator()
tb.AddTool(70, 'Help', wx.Bitmap('images/help.png'), shortHelp='Show help')
tb.Realize()
self.sizer2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
button1 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 1, "F3 View")
button2 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 2, "F4 Edit")
button3 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 3, "F5 Copy")
button4 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 4, "F6 Move")
button5 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 5, "F7 Mkdir")
button6 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 6, "F8 Delete")
button7 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 7, "F9 Rename")
button8 = wx.Button(self, ID_EXIT, "F10 Quit")
self.sizer2.Add(button1, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer2.Add(button2, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer2.Add(button3, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer2.Add(button4, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer2.Add(button5, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer2.Add(button6, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer2.Add(button7, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer2.Add(button8, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnExit, id=ID_EXIT)
self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.sizer.Add(self.splitter,1,wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer.Add(self.sizer2,0,wx.EXPAND)
self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
# size = wx.DisplaySize()
# self.SetSize(size)
sb = self.CreateStatusBar()
sb.SetStatusText(os.getcwd())
self.SetTitle("File Hunter")
self.Center()
def OnExit(self, e):
self.Close(True)
def OnSize(self, e):
size = self.GetSize()
self.splitter.SetSashPosition(size.x / 2)
e.Skip()
def OnDoubleClick(self, e):
size = self.GetSize()
self.splitter.SetSashPosition(size.x / 2)
def main():
app = wx.App()
ex = Example(None)
ex.Show()
app.MainLoop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()该示例创建一个双面板文件管理器 UI。
class MyListCtrl(wx.ListCtrl):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.ListCtrl.__init__(self, parent, style=wx.LC_REPORT)该应用程序的主要区域被 wx.ListCtrl 组件占用。
self.il = wx.ImageList(16, 16)
for i in images:
self.il.Add(wx.Bitmap(i))
self.SetImageList(self.il, wx.IMAGE_LIST_SMALL)列表控件包含一个列表图像，用于指示文件类型。
files = os.listdir('.')
for i in files:
(name, ext) = os.path.splitext(i)
ex = ext[1:]
size = os.path.getsize(i)
sec = os.path.getmtime(i)
...我们得到当前工作目录的内容，并确定文件扩展名、大小和最后修改时间。
if os.path.isdir(i):
self.SetItemImage(j, 1)
elif ex == 'py':
self.SetItemImage(j, 2)
elif ex == 'jpg':
self.SetItemImage(j, 3)
elif ex == 'pdf':
self.SetItemImage(j, 4)
else:
self.SetItemImage(j, 0)根据文件扩展名选择文件的图标。
self.splitter = wx.SplitterWindow(self, ID_SPLITTER, style=wx.SP_BORDER)
self.splitter.SetMinimumPaneSize(50)
p1 = MyListCtrl(self.splitter)
p2 = MyListCtrl(self.splitter)
self.splitter.SplitVertically(p1, p2)我们有两个由分离器小部件垂直分隔的列表控件。
menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
menuBar.Append(filemenu, "&File")
menuBar.Append(editmenu, "&Edit")
...我们有一个菜单栏 menubar。
tb = self.CreateToolBar( wx.TB_HORIZONTAL | wx.NO_BORDER |
wx.TB_FLAT)
tb.AddTool(10, 'Previous', wx.Bitmap('images/previous.png'), shortHelp='Previous')
tb.AddTool(20, 'Up', wx.Bitmap('images/up.png'), shortHelp='Up one directory')
...我们有一个工具栏 toolbar.
self.sizer2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
button1 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 1, "F3 View")
button2 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 2, "F4 Edit")
button3 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 3, "F5 Copy")
button4 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 4, "F6 Move")
...八个按钮放置在水平 sizer 中， sizer 被添加到窗口的底部。
manager
以下示例创建电子表格应用程序的 UI。
spreadsheet.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
ZetCode wxPython tutorial
This program creates a SpreadSheet UI.
author: Jan Bodnar
website: zetcode.com
last edited: May 2018
"""
from wx.lib import sheet
import wx
class MySheet(wx.grid.Grid):
def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
super(MySheet, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
nOfRows = 55
nOfCols = 25
self.row = self.col = 0
self.CreateGrid(nOfRows, nOfCols)
self.SetColLabelSize(20)
self.SetRowLabelSize(50)
self.Bind(wx.grid.EVT_GRID_SELECT_CELL, self.OnGridSelectCell)
for i in range(nOfRows):
self.SetRowSize(i, 20)
for i in range(nOfCols):
self.SetColSize(i, 75)
def OnGridSelectCell(self, e):
self.row, self.col = e.GetRow(), e.GetCol()
control = self.GetParent().GetParent().position
value = self.GetColLabelValue(self.col) + self.GetRowLabelValue(self.row)
control.SetValue(value)
e.Skip()
class Example(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
super(Example, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
fonts = ['Times New Roman', 'Times', 'Courier', 'Courier New', 'Helvetica',
'Sans', 'verdana', 'utkal', 'aakar', 'Arial']
font_sizes = ['10', '11', '12', '14', '16']
box = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
menu1 = wx.Menu()
menuBar.Append(menu1, '&File')
menu2 = wx.Menu()
menuBar.Append(menu2, '&Edit')
menu3 = wx.Menu()
menuBar.Append(menu3, '&Edit')
menu4 = wx.Menu()
menuBar.Append(menu4, '&Insert')
menu5 = wx.Menu()
menuBar.Append(menu5, 'F&ormat')
menu6 = wx.Menu()
menuBar.Append(menu6, '&Tools')
menu7 = wx.Menu()
menuBar.Append(menu7, '&Data')
menu8 = wx.Menu()
menuBar.Append(menu8, '&Help')
self.SetMenuBar(menuBar)
toolbar1 = wx.ToolBar(self, style= wx.TB_HORIZONTAL)
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/new.png'))
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/open.png'))
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/save.png'))
toolbar1.AddSeparator()
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/cut.png'))
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/copy.png'))
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/paste.png'))
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/delete.png'))
toolbar1.AddSeparator()
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/undo.png'))
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/redo.png'))
toolbar1.AddSeparator()
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/asc.png'))
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/desc.png'))
toolbar1.AddSeparator()
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/chart.png'))
toolbar1.AddSeparator()
toolbar1.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/exit.png'))
toolbar1.Realize()
toolbar2 = wx.ToolBar(self, wx.TB_HORIZONTAL | wx.TB_TEXT)
self.position = wx.TextCtrl(toolbar2)
font = wx.ComboBox(toolbar2, value='Times', choices=fonts, size=(100, -1),
style=wx.CB_DROPDOWN)
font_height = wx.ComboBox(toolbar2, value='10', choices=font_sizes,
size=(50, -1), style=wx.CB_DROPDOWN)
toolbar2.AddControl(self.position)
toolbar2.AddControl(font)
toolbar2.AddControl(font_height)
toolbar2.AddSeparator()
toolbar2.AddCheckTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/text-bold.png'))
toolbar2.AddCheckTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/text-italic.png'))
toolbar2.AddCheckTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/text-underline.png'))
toolbar2.AddSeparator()
toolbar2.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/align-left.png'))
toolbar2.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/align-center.png'))
toolbar2.AddTool(wx.ID_ANY, '', wx.Bitmap('images/align-right.png'))
box.Add(toolbar1, border=5)
box.Add((5,5) , 0)
box.Add(toolbar2)
box.Add((5,10) , 0)
toolbar2.Realize()
self.SetSizer(box)
notebook = wx.Notebook(self, style=wx.RIGHT)
sheet1 = MySheet(notebook)
sheet2 = MySheet(notebook)
sheet3 = MySheet(notebook)
sheet1.SetFocus()
notebook.AddPage(sheet1, 'Sheet1')
notebook.AddPage(sheet2, 'Sheet2')
notebook.AddPage(sheet3, 'Sheet3')
box.Add(notebook, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.CreateStatusBar()
self.SetSize((550, 550))
self.SetTitle("SpreadSheet")
self.Centre()
def main():
app = wx.App()
ex = Example(None)
ex.Show()
app.MainLoop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()示例代码创建了 SpreadSheet 应用程序的 UI。 我有一个菜单栏 menubar，工具栏 toolbars 和一个中央网格组件 grid widget。
class MySheet(wx.grid.Grid):
def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
super(MySheet, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
nOfRows = 55
nOfCols = 25
self.row = self.col = 0
self.CreateGrid(nOfRows, nOfCols)
...我们创建一个自定义的 wx.grid.Grid 小部件。我们的每张 sheets 都有五十五行和二十五列。使用 CreateGrid() 方法创建单元网格。
control = self.GetParent().GetParent().position位置文本控件 position text control 显示网格窗口组件 grid widget 选中的单元格。它是第二个工具栏的第一个组件。 在 MySheet 类中，我们需要获取 Example 类中定义的文本控件的引用。MySheet 是 notebook 的孩子。而 notebook 是 Example 的孩子。所以我们设法通过两次调用 GetParent() 方法来获得位置文本控件。
notebook = wx.Notebook(self, style=wx.RIGHT)
sheet1 = MySheet(notebook)
sheet2 = MySheet(notebook)
sheet3 = MySheet(notebook)
sheet1.SetFocus()
notebook.AddPage(sheet1, 'Sheet1')
notebook.AddPage(sheet2, 'Sheet2')
notebook.AddPage(sheet3, 'Sheet3')三张 sheets 被创建并放入笔记本组件 notebook widget 中。
以下示例是常见的视频播放器的骨架。
player.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
ZetCode wxPython tutorial
This program creates a Player UI.
author: Jan Bodnar
website: zetcode.com
last edited: May 2018
"""
import wx
class Example(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
super(Example, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
self.CreateMenuBar()
panel = wx.Panel(self)
pnl1 = wx.Panel(self)
pnl1.SetBackgroundColour(wx.BLACK)
pnl2 = wx.Panel(self)
slider1 = wx.Slider(pnl2, value=18, minValue=0, maxValue=1000)
pause = wx.BitmapButton(pnl2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/pause.png'))
play = wx.BitmapButton(pnl2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/play.png'))
forw = wx.BitmapButton(pnl2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/forw.png'))
back = wx.BitmapButton(pnl2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/back.png'))
vol = wx.BitmapButton(pnl2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/volume.png'))
slider2 = wx.Slider(pnl2, value=1, minValue=0, maxValue=100,
size=(120, -1))
vbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
hbox1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
hbox2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
hbox1.Add(slider1, proportion=1)
hbox2.Add(pause)
hbox2.Add(play, flag=wx.RIGHT, border=5)
hbox2.Add(forw, flag=wx.LEFT, border=5)
hbox2.Add(back)
hbox2.Add((-1, -1), proportion=1)
hbox2.Add(vol)
hbox2.Add(slider2, flag=wx.TOP|wx.LEFT, border=5)
vbox.Add(hbox1, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.BOTTOM, border=10)
vbox.Add(hbox2, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND)
pnl2.SetSizer(vbox)
sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
sizer.Add(pnl1, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND)
sizer.Add(pnl2, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.BOTTOM|wx.TOP, border=10)
self.SetMinSize((350, 300))
self.CreateStatusBar()
self.SetSizer(sizer)
self.SetSize((350, 200))
self.SetTitle('Player')
self.Centre()
def CreateMenuBar(self):
menubar = wx.MenuBar()
filem = wx.Menu()
play = wx.Menu()
view = wx.Menu()
tools = wx.Menu()
favorites = wx.Menu()
help = wx.Menu()
filem.Append(wx.ID_ANY, '&Quit', 'Quit application')
menubar.Append(filem, '&File')
menubar.Append(play, '&Play')
menubar.Append(view, '&View')
menubar.Append(tools, '&Tools')
menubar.Append(favorites, 'F&avorites')
menubar.Append(help, '&Help')
self.SetMenuBar(menubar)
def main():
app = wx.App()
ex = Example(None)
ex.Show()
app.MainLoop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main() 为了构建界面，我们使用了位图按钮 bitmap buttons、滑块 sliders、面板 panels 和菜单栏 menubar。
pnl1 = wx.Panel(self)
pnl1.SetBackgroundColour(wx.BLACK)该应用程序的主要区域被黑色背景的面板占据。
slider1 = wx.Slider(pnl2, value=18, minValue=0, maxValue=1000)wx.Slider 用于显示电影的进度。
pause = wx.BitmapButton(pnl2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/pause.png'))
play = wx.BitmapButton(pnl2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/play.png'))位图按钮 Bitmap buttons 用于控制按钮 control buttons。
self.SetMinSize((350, 300))这里我们设置了播放器的最小尺寸。将窗口缩小到某个值以下没什么意义。
在以下示例中，我们模仿了经典浏览器 UI 的外观。
browser.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
ZetCode wxPython tutorial
This program creates a browser UI.
author: Jan Bodnar
website: zetcode.com
last edited: May 2018
"""
import wx
from wx.lib.buttons import GenBitmapTextButton
class Example(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
super(Example, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
self.CreateMenuBar()
panel = wx.Panel(self)
# panel.SetBackgroundColour('white')
vbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
hbox1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
hbox2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
line1 = wx.StaticLine(panel)
vbox.Add(line1, 0, wx.EXPAND)
toolbar1 = wx.Panel(panel, size=(-1, 30))
back = wx.BitmapButton(toolbar1, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/back.png'),
style=wx.NO_BORDER)
forward = wx.BitmapButton(toolbar1, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/forw.png'),
style=wx.NO_BORDER)
refresh = wx.BitmapButton(toolbar1, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/refresh.png'),
style=wx.NO_BORDER)
stop = wx.BitmapButton(toolbar1, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/stop.png'),
style=wx.NO_BORDER)
home = wx.BitmapButton(toolbar1, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/home.png'),
style=wx.NO_BORDER)
address = wx.ComboBox(toolbar1, size=(50, -1))
go = wx.BitmapButton(toolbar1, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/play.png'),
style=wx.NO_BORDER)
text = wx.TextCtrl(toolbar1, size=(150, -1))
hbox1.Add(back)
hbox1.Add(forward)
hbox1.Add(refresh)
hbox1.Add(stop)
hbox1.Add(home)
hbox1.Add(address, 1, wx.TOP, 3)
hbox1.Add(go, 0, wx.TOP | wx.LEFT, 3)
hbox1.Add(text, 0, wx.TOP | wx.RIGHT, 3)
toolbar1.SetSizer(hbox1)
vbox.Add(toolbar1, 0, wx.EXPAND)
line = wx.StaticLine(panel)
vbox.Add(line, 0, wx.EXPAND)
toolbar2 = wx.Panel(panel, size=(-1, 30))
bookmark1 = wx.BitmapButton(toolbar2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/love.png'),
style=wx.NO_BORDER)
bookmark2 = wx.BitmapButton(toolbar2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/book.png'),
style=wx.NO_BORDER)
bookmark3 = wx.BitmapButton(toolbar2, bitmap=wx.Bitmap('images/sound.png'),
style=wx.NO_BORDER)
hbox2.Add(bookmark1, flag=wx.RIGHT, border=5)
hbox2.Add(bookmark2, flag=wx.RIGHT, border=5)
hbox2.Add(bookmark3)
toolbar2.SetSizer(hbox2)
vbox.Add(toolbar2, 0, wx.EXPAND)
line2 = wx.StaticLine(panel)
vbox.Add(line2, 0, wx.EXPAND)
panel.SetSizer(vbox)
self.CreateStatusBar()
self.SetTitle("Browser")
self.Centre()
def CreateMenuBar(self):
menubar = wx.MenuBar()
file = wx.Menu()
file.Append(wx.ID_ANY, '&Quit', '')
edit = wx.Menu()
view = wx.Menu()
go = wx.Menu()
bookmarks = wx.Menu()
tools = wx.Menu()
help = wx.Menu()
menubar.Append(file, '&File')
menubar.Append(edit, '&Edit')
menubar.Append(view, '&View')
menubar.Append(go, '&Go')
menubar.Append(bookmarks, '&Bookmarks')
menubar.Append(tools, '&Tools')
menubar.Append(help, '&Help')
self.SetMenuBar(menubar)
def main():
app = wx.App()
ex = Example(None)
ex.Show()
app.MainLoop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()为了创建一个 sizeable combo box，我们不能使用 wx.Toolbar。我们基于 wx.Panel 创建我们的自定义工具栏。
toolbar1 = wx.Panel(panel, size=(-1, 40))我们创建一个普通的 wx.Panel。
hbox1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
...
hbox1.Add(back)
hbox1.Add(forward)
hbox1.Add(refresh)我们创建一个水平 sizer 并添加所有必要的按钮。
hbox1.Add(address, 1, wx.TOP, 4)然后我们将组合框 combo box 添加到 sizer 中。这种组合框通常称为地址栏。请注意，它是唯一将比例设置为 1 的组件。这对于使其可调整大小是必需的。
line2 = wx.StaticLine(panel)
vbox.Add(line2, 0, wx.EXPAND)工具栏由一条线隔开。
在这部分 wxPython 教程中，我们创建了一些应用程序骨架。